![Massachusetts Hall, Harvard University](/sites/default/files/styles/440x400/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/harvard_university_massachusetts_hall.jpg.webp?itok=GwYSXQB7)
Research & Analysis
![A staff member gestures to a delegate during a session of China's National People's Congress (NPC) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, Friday, March 10, 2023.](/sites/default/files/styles/440x250/public/2024-11/AP23069221444503.jpg.webp?itok=9Zl4qF-0)
Back to Bipolarity: How China’s Rise Transformed the Balance of Power
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Reports & Papers
Drone Warfare in Today’s World: 15 Policy Recommendations to Improve the European Union’s Defense Capabilities
December 2024 by Gonzalo Arana and Javier Romero
Our Programs
![Eric Rosenbach at a Panel with Colin Kahl, and Bethany Russell, in front of students](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/10.31.23%20Colin%20Kahl%20006.jpg.webp?itok=IpoND6_s)
The Defense, Emerging Technology and Strategy Program focuses on defense policy issues, security strategy execution, and new technologies that have emerged as pivotal to the future of international security, with a focus on space, artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, and synthetic biotech.
![Raina Thiele, John Holdren, Jackie Qatalina Schaeffer, and David Balton discuss how to craft durable climate policy during a seminar at Harvard Kennedy School on May 15, 2024.](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-08/05.14.24%20climate%20policy%20arctic%20090.jpg.webp?itok=I5HfGt_Q)
The Arctic Initiative integrates insights from cutting-edge scientific research, Indigenous knowledge, and policy analysis, to improve understanding of Arctic climate change; develop responsive policies and actions; and train the next generation of interdisciplinary Arctic experts and leaders.
![Middle East Initiative Faculty Director Tarek Masoud leads Panel on Middle East Tensions](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/_DSC0922.jpg.webp?itok=7uaQ9KZ5)
The Middle East Initiative provides topical timely analysis on energy, diplomacy, foreign conflict resolution and more.
![James Mattis Applied History Working Group](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-07/10.31.19%20Gen%20James%20Mattis%20and%20Graham%20Allison%20106%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=8zkBl2nz)
The Applied History Project promotes the use of historical reasoning to illuminate current challenges and choices in both the public and private sectors.
![Dan Schraag, John Holdren and others at the White House with President Obama and President Biden](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-08/image%20%284%29.png.webp?itok=p3cXvkhd)
The Science, Technology, and Public Policy Program brings science and technology into the design of public policy, exploring some of the world's most challenging problems - from nuclear negotiations with Iran to privacy concerns about big data.
![James Clapper](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Director_of_National_Intelligence_James_Clapper%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=QWfpVaQh)
The Intelligence Project is building a new generation of practitioners serving a rapidly changing world, focusing on history, geopolitics, and emerging technologies, linking intelligence agencies with Belfer researchers, faculty and students to enrich education and support public policy decision-making.
![Matt Bunn, Steve Miller and Mariana Budjeryn at the Inheriting the Bomb Book Talk](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/04.07.23%20Mariana%20Budjeryn%20Inheriting%20the%20Bomb%20104.jpg.webp?itok=rgMsT8XR)
The Project on Managing the Atom conducts and disseminates both timeless and topical policy-relevant research on nuclear weapons, nuclear energy, and nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament.
![Henry Lee with Nat Keohane against blue Harvard Kennedy School background](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-08/5.10.23%20Nat%20Keohane%20081.450.jpg.webp?itok=VFLqn_hB)
The Environment and Natural Resources Program examines cutting-edge issues at the intersection of environmental, climate, and science policy considerations, conducting policy-relevant research on energy technologies, grid decarbonization, hydrogen, biofuels, and climate finance.
![Meghan O'Sullivan with James Manyika at panel event October 2023](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/10.20.23%20James%20Manyika%20046.jpg.webp?itok=6EKryxhq)
The Geopolitics of Energy Project explores the intersection of energy, security, and international politics. The project aims to improve understanding of how energy demand and supply shape international politics – and vice versa.
![Student led AfriConnect event 2023](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/11.01.23%20HKS%20AfriConnect%20270.jpg.webp?itok=E5CUqzj3)
The Africa Futures Project drives debate and research on critical issues of African politics and governance; climate change and the global energy transition; conflict and security; and geopolitics as they shape our collective future.
![Steven Miller with Jacqueline Hazelton at ISP student seminar](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/09.26.19%20Jacqueline%20L.%20Hazelton%20016.jpg.webp?itok=dR_s3duf)
The International Security Program addresses the most pressing threats to U.S. national interests and international security, supports supports young scholars with its fellowship program and sponsors and edits the quarterly journal International Security.
![Wind turbines in Kodiak, Alaska. Office of Indian Energy: Alaska](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/pantheon-files-migration/images/event/science-in-hd-zp9vy4I42Rc-unsplash.jpg.webp?itok=jUq6koxF)
This is just a sampling of the Belfer Center's research programs, projects, and special initiatives. To explore more about our various research programs, visit our Programs page.
![Raina Thiele, John Holdren, Jackie Qatalina Schaeffer, and David Balton discuss how to craft durable climate policy during a seminar at Harvard Kennedy School on May 15, 2024.](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-08/05.14.24%20climate%20policy%20arctic%20090.jpg.webp?itok=I5HfGt_Q)
![Middle East Initiative Faculty Director Tarek Masoud leads Panel on Middle East Tensions](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/_DSC0922.jpg.webp?itok=7uaQ9KZ5)
![James Mattis Applied History Working Group](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-07/10.31.19%20Gen%20James%20Mattis%20and%20Graham%20Allison%20106%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=8zkBl2nz)
![Dan Schraag, John Holdren and others at the White House with President Obama and President Biden](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-08/image%20%284%29.png.webp?itok=p3cXvkhd)
![James Clapper](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/pantheon-files-migration/images/publication/feature/Director_of_National_Intelligence_James_Clapper%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=QWfpVaQh)
![Matt Bunn, Steve Miller and Mariana Budjeryn at the Inheriting the Bomb Book Talk](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/04.07.23%20Mariana%20Budjeryn%20Inheriting%20the%20Bomb%20104.jpg.webp?itok=rgMsT8XR)
![Henry Lee with Nat Keohane against blue Harvard Kennedy School background](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-08/5.10.23%20Nat%20Keohane%20081.450.jpg.webp?itok=VFLqn_hB)
![Meghan O'Sullivan with James Manyika at panel event October 2023](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/10.20.23%20James%20Manyika%20046.jpg.webp?itok=6EKryxhq)
![Student led AfriConnect event 2023](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/11.01.23%20HKS%20AfriConnect%20270.jpg.webp?itok=E5CUqzj3)
![Steven Miller with Jacqueline Hazelton at ISP student seminar](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/09.26.19%20Jacqueline%20L.%20Hazelton%20016.jpg.webp?itok=dR_s3duf)
![Wind turbines in Kodiak, Alaska. Office of Indian Energy: Alaska](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/pantheon-files-migration/images/event/science-in-hd-zp9vy4I42Rc-unsplash.jpg.webp?itok=jUq6koxF)
![Eric Rosenbach at a Panel with Colin Kahl, and Bethany Russell, in front of students](/sites/default/files/styles/1000x688/public/2024-09/10.31.23%20Colin%20Kahl%20006.jpg.webp?itok=IpoND6_s)
Middle East & North Africa
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AP/Sergei Grits
Artificial Intelligence
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dlewis33/iStock
Energy
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Doug Gavel
Science & Technology
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Doug Gavel
Interest Areas
Our research spans a variety of key issues across the globe, at the nexus of science and international affairs