Matthew Hartwell is a research fellow with the Project on Managing the Atom at the Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. He is a PhD candidate in International Relations at the American University’s School of International Service and a research associate at the Center for Security, Innovation, and New Technology. Matthew’s doctoral research examines the role of population vulnerability in American nuclear strategy throughout the Cold War. His broader research interests include deterrence theory, emerging military technology, arms control, and the domestic sources of American foreign policy.