The overarching question imparting urgency to this exploration is: Can U.S.-Russian contention in cyberspace cause the two nuclear superpowers to stumble into war? In considering this question we were constantly reminded of recent comments by a prominent U.S. arms control expert: At least as dangerous as the risk of an actual cyberattack, he observed, is cyber operations’ “blurring of the line between peace and war.” Or, as Nye wrote, “in the cyber realm, the difference between a weapon and a non-weapon may come down to a single line of code, or simply the intent of a computer program’s user.”
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Ernest May Fellow in History & Policy, International Security Program
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Sultan Qaboos Bin Said of Oman Professor of International Relations, Harvard Kennedy School; Faculty Director, Middle East Initiative; Member of the Board, Belfer Center
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Daniela Schwarzer
Non-Resident Senior Fellow, Project on Europe and the Transatlantic Relationship
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