France’s Changing Nuclear Posture, Doctrine, and Force Structure: Implications for European Security

Join us for a discussion with Héloïse Fayet (joining virtually), Research Fellow and Head of the Deterrence and Proliferation program, Security Studies Center at the French Institute for International Relations. 

This event will take place in Wexner G-02 and on Zoom.

On March 2, 2026, French President Emmanuel Macron delivered a major speech on nuclear deterrence, outlining a new framework for its contribution to European defense: “forward deterrence.” Based on increased coordination with several European countries, this approach seeks to address what some experts describe as a deterrence gap in Europe, resulting from the persistent threat posed by Russia and growing doubts about the credibility of U.S. extended deterrence. France’s evolving nuclear posture also includes the modernization and expansion of its arsenal, as well as a greater emphasis on nuclear-conventional integration. In this talk, Héloïse Fayet will briefly review the history of the French nuclear deterrent, analyze the implications of the speech, and discuss possible future pathways for France and Europe in the nuclear domain.

Please reach out to Jenna Beahn at jenna_beahn@hks.harvard.edu with any questions.