The overarching question imparting urgency to this exploration is: Can U.S.-Russian contention in cyberspace cause the two nuclear superpowers to stumble into war? In considering this question we were constantly reminded of recent comments by a prominent U.S. arms control expert: At least as dangerous as the risk of an actual cyberattack, he observed, is cyber operations’ “blurring of the line between peace and war.” Or, as Nye wrote, “in the cyber realm, the difference between a weapon and a non-weapon may come down to a single line of code, or simply the intent of a computer program’s user.”
Renewables are widely perceived as an opportunity to shatter the hegemony of fossil fuel-rich states and democratize the energy landscape. Virtually all countries have access to some renewable energy resources (especially solar and wind power) and could thus substitute foreign supply with local resources. Our research shows, however, that the role countries are likely to assume in decarbonized energy systems will be based not only on their resource endowment but also on their policy choices.
As the United States emerges from the era of so-called forever wars, it should abandon the regime change business for good. Then, Washington must understand why it failed, writes Stephen Walt.
Cooperation in East Asia to Address Climate Change
Author:
Robert C. Stowe
| Oct. 13, 2017
The Harvard Project on Climate Agreements conducted a research workshop in Shanghai on September 27, 2017 to examine how national governments in the region might cooperate to address the problem of climate change. Participants included social scientists (economists, political scientists) and legal scholars who have studied climate-change policy — as well as policy practitioners — from Japan, New Zealand, People’s Republic of China, Republic of Korea, Republic of Singapore, and the United States.
Harvard Center Shanghai
Three countries in East Asia (People's Republic of China, Japan, Republic of Korea) together accounted for approximately 28 percent of global greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions in 2013. In addition, GHG emissions are increasing rapidly in the region. In order to address global climate change effectively, it is crucial that the countries of East Asia (as well, of course, as other large global emitters) design and implement effective climate-change policies — and work together in doing so. International cooperation can, if well designed and executed, increase policy effectiveness and reduce mitigation costs, hence allowing for increased mitigation ambition.
The workshop examined the status of climate change policy in the countries of East Asia and of international cooperation to address climate change. Participants also explored options for increased cooperation in the future. Attendees considered potential linkage among emissions-trading systems — and among heterogeneous policy systems — as one possible form of international cooperation, and how the Paris Agreement — including its Article 6 — might facilitate such cooperation in the region. Participants then examined various non-market approaches to international cooperation.
Each participant will write a one-thousand-word brief, based on her or his presentation or remarks in the workshop. The Harvard Project will release a volume containing these briefs in February 2018. The format and style of the volume is intended to make it accessible and useful to policy makers, climate-change negotiators, and stakeholders in industry and the NGO community, as they consider approaches to addressing climate change in East Asia and globally.
The Harvard Project is grateful to the Harvard Global Institute (HGI) for supporting the workshop and the preparation of the volume of briefs. HGI was established by Harvard University President Drew Faust in October 2015, with support from the Dalian Wanda Group and its chairman, Wang Jianlin. HGI builds on Harvard's long-standing global academic tradition by supporting scholarship and programs that promote cross-discipline, University-wide, collaborative efforts to address major global challenges. You may read more about HGI on the Institute's web site here.
The Harvard Project is also grateful to Harvard Center Shanghai for hosting the workshop and providing a superb venue in the heart of this global city.
The Harvard Project released a volume of briefs based on the workshop, in February 2018. The volume is available here.
Following are links to the workshop agenda, participant list, and presentations:
For Academic Citation:
Stowe, Robert. “Cooperation in East Asia to Address Climate Change.” News, Harvard Project on Climate Agreements, October 13, 2017.
Lawrence H. Summers, Philip D. Zelikow, and Robert B. Zoellick
Lawrence Summers, Philip Zelikow, and Robert Zoellick argue that Ukraine’s allies should use the $300 billion in frozen Russian central bank assets to show Putin he cannot outlast Ukraine and the West economically.
Global attention to the problem of sexual violence in conflict is important, writes Dara Kay Cohen, but accountability alone has serious limitations as a tool for deterrence of conflict-related sexual violence and may do little to address the root cause.
Guido Torres assesses impacts of the war in Ukraine on Latin America’s economic and political situation and recommends steps the U.S. can take to reduce the negative impacts and protect Latin American sovereignty.
